Barcelona pioneered renewables obligations for solar energy in Europe. In August 2000, the city in the Spanish Catalonia region adopted solar building regulations that required a predefined share of solar-heated water for newly constructed buildings and those to be fully renovated or repurposed. In the last two decades, the obligation has been the main driver behind the municipality becoming a mature solar thermal market, helping to install about 96,000 m2 of collector area (estimate based on registered installations).
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